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The American Society of Anesthesiologists defines the continuum of sedation as follows: [9] Minimal sedation – normal response to verbal stimuli. Moderate sedation – purposeful response to verbal/tactile stimulation. (This is usually referred to as "conscious sedation") Deep sedation – purposeful response to repeated or painful stimulation.
While procedural sedation is often used to avoid airway intervention, sedation is a continuum and a patient can easily slip into a deeper state. For this reason, a physician who is performing PSA should be prepared to care for a patient at least one level of sedation greater than that intended. [ 1 ]
The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) is a professional association of physicians in the field of anesthesiology. As of 2024, the organization included more than 57,000 national and international members and has more than 100 full-time employees.
The article also needs a better definition and explanation of procedural sedation, its uses, and the overall process. One thing that has already been addressed in the talk page is the lack of explanation associated with the ASA chart about levels of sedation. This will be explained in the context of procedural sedation.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to anesthesia: . Anesthesia – pharmacologically induced and reversible state of amnesia, analgesia, loss of responsiveness, loss of skeletal muscle reflexes or decreased sympathetic nervous system, or all simultaneously.
Since general anesthesia first became widely used in late 1846, assessment of anesthetic depth was a problem. To determine the depth of anesthesia, the anesthetist relies on a series of physical signs of the patient.
A post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and sometimes referred to as post-anesthesia recovery or PAR, or simply recovery, is a part of hospitals, ambulatory care centers, and other medical facilities.
Standard for basic anesthetic monitoring is a guideline published by the ASA, which describes that the patient's oxygenation, ventilation, circulation and temperature should be continually evaluated during anesthetic. [38] Continuous electrocardiography (ECG or EKG): Electrodes are placed on the patient's skin to monitor heart rate and rhythm.