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Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.
Genetic Prehistory in Selective Breeding A Prelude to Mendel. OUP. ISBN 978-0-19-850584-6. Archived from the original on 2013-01-31. Roger J Wood (1973). "Robert Bakewell Pioneer Animal Breeder and his influence on Charles Darwin" (PDF). Casopis Moravskeho (Musea Acta Musei Moraviae).
The extensive use of desirable individual animals at the exclusion of others can result in a popular sire effect. Selective breeding for dog breeds caused constricting breed-specific bottlenecks. [26] These bottlenecks have led to dogs having an average of 2–3% more genetic loading than gray wolves. [27]
Animal breeding is a branch of animal science that addresses the evaluation (using best linear unbiased prediction and other methods) of the genetic value (estimated breeding value, EBV) of livestock. Selecting for breeding animals with superior EBV in growth rate, egg, meat, milk, or wool production, or with other desirable traits has ...
Belyayev chose the silver fox for his experiment, "because it is a social animal and is related to the dog." [8] The silver fox had, however, never before been domesticated. Belyayev designed a selective-breeding program for the foxes that was intended to reproduce a single major factor, namely "a strong selection pressure for tamability".
Breeding back is a form of artificial selection by the deliberate selective breeding of domestic (but not exclusively) animals, in an attempt to achieve an animal breed with a phenotype that resembles a wild type ancestor, usually one that has gone extinct.
Culling is: ... the rejection or removal of inferior individuals from breeding. The act of selective breeding. As used in the practice of breeding pedigree cats, this refers to the practice of spaying or neutering a kitten or cat that does not measure up to the show standard (or other standard being applied) for that breed.
It is used in the breeding of both plants and animals, but is most commercially important in animal breeding to determine the true breeding value of an animal (especially males) which are used extensively for propagation of best germplasm. The extensive use of artificial insemination in domestic animals has helped in increasing the selection ...