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Prolactin is crucial for milk production during pregnancy and lactation. Together with estrogen, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and hormones from the placenta, prolactin stimulates the proliferation of breast alveolar elements during pregnancy. However, lactation is inhibited during pregnancy due to elevated estrogen levels ...
This is in accordance with higher prolactin levels being associated with increased breast cancer risk. [32] [33] In puberty induction in hypogonadal girls and in feminizing hormone therapy in transgender women, as well as hormonal breast enhancement in women with breast hypoplasia or small breasts, mammoplasia is a desired effect. [34] [35] [36 ...
Estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin, as well as GH/IGF-1, produce their effects on breast development by modulating the local expression in breast tissue of an assortment of autocrine and paracrine growth factors, [25] [44] [62] [63] [64] including IGF-1, IGF-2, amphiregulin, [65] EGF, FGF, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), [66] tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor β (TNF ...
Prolactin has a wide variety of effects. It stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk (): increased serum concentrations of prolactin during pregnancy cause enlargement of the mammary glands and prepare for milk production, which normally starts when levels of progesterone fall by the end of pregnancy and a suckling stimulus is present.
623503 Ensembl ENSG00000071677 ENSMUSG00000090550 UniProt P81277 G3UWC3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_015893 NM_001101647 RefSeq (protein) NP_056977 NP_001095117 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 237.57 – 237.57 Mb Chr 1: 90.88 – 90.88 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is a peptide hormone that in humans is encoded by the PRLH gene. PrRP stimulates ...
A prolactin cell (also known as a lactotropic cell, epsilon acidophil, lactotrope, lactotroph, mammatroph, mammotroph) is a cell in the anterior pituitary which produces prolactin (a peptide hormone) in response to hormonal signals including dopamine (which is inhibitory), thyrotropin-releasing hormone and estrogen (especially during pregnancy), which are stimulatory.
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