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Reid vapor pressure (RVP) is a common measure of the volatility of gasoline and other petroleum products. [1] It is defined as the absolute vapor pressure exerted by the vapor of the liquid and any dissolved gases/moisture at 37.8 °C (100 °F) as determined by the test method ASTM-D-323, which was first developed in 1930 [2] and has been revised several times (the latest version is ASTM D323 ...
Lemont Refinery is an oil refinery in Romeoville, Illinois owned and operated by Citgo Petroleum Corporation.Originally constructed in the early 1920s, it was reconstructed between 1968 and 1970 by its then owner Union Oil [1] and has a current crude processing capacity of 177,000 barrels per day. [2]
Using benchmarks makes referencing types of oil easier for sellers and buyers. There is always a spread between WTI, Brent and other blends due to the relative volatility (high API gravity is more valuable), sweetness/sourness (low sulfur is more valuable) and transportation cost. This is the price that controls world oil market price.
The results of crude oil assay testing provide extensive detailed hydrocarbon analysis data for refiners, oil traders and producers. Assay data help refineries determine if a crude oil feedstock is compatible for a particular petroleum refinery or if the crude oil could cause yield, quality, production, environmental and other problems. [1]
As a generality, this definition applies to the nature of flashing hydrocarbons (HC) that make up oil and natural gas, “If the saturated liquid is a multi-component liquid (for example, a mixture of propane, isobutane and normal butane), the flashed vapor is richer in the more volatile components than is the remaining liquid". [2]
A 10 to 12 cent rise in gas prices in California was attributed to the state's low carbon fuel standard, and a study by the California Air Resources Board said the fuel standards could lead to a ...
While HV measures how much the price of an asset has moved before, implied volatility reflects market expectations of future volatility. Both metrics offer pricing insights, but in different ways:
The Noack volatility test, named after Kurt Noack, [1] determines the evaporation loss of lubricants in high-temperature service. This test is standardized as ASTM D5800. [2] In this test, a sample is heated at 250 °C for 60 minutes with a constant flow of air over it. The weight fraction lost is the result for the Noack volatility test.