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The Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long (Vietnamese: Hoàng thành Thăng Long; chữ Hán: 皇城 昇龍) is a complex of historic buildings associated with the history of Vietnam located in the centre of Hanoi, Vietnam. Its construction began in 1010 and was completed in early 1011 under the reign of Emperor Lý Thái Tổ of the Lý dynasty.
Map of Thăng Long. Atlas of Hồng Đức, known in Vietnamese as Hồng Đức bản đồ sách (chữ Hán: 洪德版圖冊), sometimes called the Geography of Hồng Đức is a set of geographic maps of Dai Viet issued during the reign of Lê Thánh Tông, the 21st year of Hồng Đức era (1490). [1]
He saw Đại La as a place "between Heaven and Earth where the coiling dragon and the crouching tiger lie, and his capital would last 10,000 years". When Lý Công Uẩn's boat docked at the new capital, a dragon, symbol of sovereign authority, reportedly soared above his head; he accordingly renamed the place Thăng Long, the "ascending dragon".
Present-day Cầu Giấy district was a rural agricultural area, scattered by a few artisanal villages, and lay within Từ Liêm, a periphery district of Thăng Long city. On 22 November 1996, the area was officially split from Từ Liêm and incorporated into a district, taking its name from a nearby bridge also named Cầu Giấy ( lit.
The English and Dutch closed their counting houses in Thăng Long in 1697 and 1700. [57] In 1694–95, famine struck Sơn Nam , Hải Dương , and Thanh Hóa . In Thanh Hóa in 1702, floodwaters broke through the dikes of the Mã and Chu rivers, contributing to three poor harvests there in the years 1700–1705, which were followed by several ...
In 1801, he occupied Phú Xuân, forcing Nguyễn Quang Toản to flee to Thăng Long. In 1802, Ánh besieged Thăng Long. The then 20-year-old Nguyễn Quang Toản escaped, but then was captured and executed, ending the dynasty after 24 years, and the Nguyễn, the last imperial dynasty of Vietnam, took over the country in 1802.
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It was also known by the name of its city wall as Luocheng or La Thanh (Chinese: 羅城; pinyin: Luóchéng; Wade–Giles: Lo-ch'eng; lit. "Enveloping Wall"), [ 2 ] although this name was later transferred to Songping after the Sui conquest in 602 [ 2 ] and to a third site which became present-day Hanoi in the later 8th century.