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Escape and evasion lines in World War II helped people escape European countries occupied by Nazi Germany. The focus of most escape lines in Western Europe was assisting American, British, Canadian and other Allied airmen shot down over occupied Europe to evade capture and escape to neutral Spain or Sweden from where they could return to the ...
The Pat O'Leary Line was one of many escape and evasion networks in the Netherlands, Belgium, and France during World War II. Along with networks such as the Comet Line, the Shelburne Escape Line, and others, they are credited with helping 7,000 Allied airmen and soldiers, about one-half British and one-half American, escape Nazi-occupied Western Europe during World War II.
The Comet Line was the largest of several escape networks in occupied Europe. In three years, the Comet Line helped 776 people, mostly British and American airmen, escape to Spain or evade capture in Belgium and France. [3] An estimated 3,000 civilians, mostly Belgians and French, assisted the Comet Line. They are usually called "helpers".
The predecessor of the Shelburne Line was the Oaktree line, created by Airey Neave and James Langley of MI9 as an escape line to evacuate downed airmen by boat from Brittany in France to Dartmouth in England. The leader they chose for Oaktree was Vladamir Bouryschkine, a Russian-American better known as Val Williams, who had previously worked ...
Donald Darling, code named Sunday (born ?, died 1 December 1977 [1]), was an agent for the clandestine British organizations MI6 and MI9 during World War II.The purpose of MI9 was to help prisoners of war to escape and downed airmen and stranded soldiers to evade capture in German-occupied Europe and return to Great Britain.
During World War II, these clandestine maps were used by many American, British, and allied servicemen to escape from behind enemy lines. Special material was used for this purpose, due to the need for a material that would be hardier than paper, and would not tear or dissolve in water.
In spring 1941, Henri de Bliqui, Arnold Deppè, and Andrée de Jongh organised a group of friends to help Allied soldiers and airmen escape occupied Belgium and return to Great Britain. This was the origin of what became known as the Comet Line, the largest of the escape and evasion lines in World War II. They initially called themselves the ...
Damerment worked as a courier on the clandestine Pat O'Leary escape line (Pat Line) set up by Albert Guérisse. She helped downed British airmen and others to escape France to neutral Spain and hence to British Gibraltar or neutral Lisbon, Portugal from where they would be flown to Britain. She helped an estimated 75 British airmen escape.