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Morphine and heroin also produced higher rates of euphoria and other positive subjective effects when compared to these other opioids. [46] The choice of heroin and morphine over other opioids by former drug addicts may also be because heroin is an ester of morphine and a morphine prodrug, essentially meaning they are identical drugs in vivo.
Speedball, powerball, or over and under[1] is the polydrug mixture of a stimulant with a depressant, usually an opioid. The most well-known mixture used for recreational drug use is that of cocaine and heroin; however, amphetamines can also be mixed with morphine and/or fentanyl. A speedball may be taken intravenously or by nasal insufflation. [2]
In Wikidata. Opioids are a class of drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the opium poppy plant. Opioids work in the brain to produce a variety of effects, including pain relief. As a class of substances, they act on opioid receptors to produce morphine -like effects. [ 2 ][ 3 ]
The first letter of the drug morphine is m, rendered as the corresponding Greek letter μ. In similar manner, a drug known as ketocyclazocine was first shown to attach itself to "κ" (kappa) receptors, [27] while the "δ" (delta) receptor was named after the mouse vas deferens tissue in which the receptor was first characterised. [28]
Key:BQJCRHHNABKAKU-QHQPWPDESA-N Y. (+)-Morphine also known as dextro-morphine is the "unnatural" enantiomer of the opioid drug (−)-morphine. Unlike "natural" levo-morphine, unnatural dextro-morphine is not present in Papaver somniferum and is the product of laboratory synthesis. In contrast to natural morphine, the unnatural enantiomer has no ...
Extended-release morphine. Extended-release (or slow-release) formulations of morphine are those whose effect last substantially longer than bare morphine, availing for, e.g., one administration per day. Conversion between extended-release and immediate-release (or "regular") morphine is easier than conversion to or from an equianalgesic dose ...
Apomorphine. Apomorphine, sold under the brand name Apokyn among others, is a type of aporphine having activity as a non- selective dopamine agonist which activates both D 2 -like and, to a much lesser extent, D 1 -like receptors. [2] It also acts as an antagonist of 5-HT 2 and α-adrenergic receptors with high affinity.
Cocaine, caffeine, and cathinone are stimulants of the central nervous system. [211] [212] Mescaline and many indole alkaloids (such as psilocybin, dimethyltryptamine and ibogaine) have hallucinogenic effect. [213] [214] Morphine and codeine are strong narcotic pain killers. [215]