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t. e. In mathematics, the Taylor series or Taylor expansion of a function is an infinite sum of terms that are expressed in terms of the function's derivatives at a single point. For most common functions, the function and the sum of its Taylor series are equal near this point.
v. t. e. In calculus, Taylor's theorem gives an approximation of a -times differentiable function around a given point by a polynomial of degree , called the -th-order Taylor polynomial. For a smooth function, the Taylor polynomial is the truncation at the order of the Taylor series of the function.
The cosine function and all of its Taylor polynomials are even functions. In mathematics, an even function is a real function such that for every in its domain. Similarly, an odd function is a function such that for every in its domain. They are named for the parity of the powers of the power functions which satisfy each condition: the function ...
is a horizontal line with y-intercept a0. The graph of a degree 1 polynomial (or linear function) f(x) = a0 + a1x, where a1 ≠ 0, is an oblique line with y-intercept a0 and slope a1. The graph of a degree 2 polynomial. f(x) = a0 + a1x + a2x2, where a2 ≠ 0. is a parabola. The graph of a degree 3 polynomial.
List of mathematical series. This list of mathematical series contains formulae for finite and infinite sums. It can be used in conjunction with other tools for evaluating sums. is a Bernoulli polynomial. is an Euler number. is the Riemann zeta function. is the gamma function. is a polygamma function. is a polylogarithm.
Power series are useful in mathematical analysis, where they arise as Taylor series of infinitely differentiable functions. In fact, Borel's theorem implies that every power series is the Taylor series of some smooth function. In many situations, c (the center of the series) is equal to zero, for instance when considering a Maclaurin series.
Taylor's theorem gives a precise bound on how good the approximation is. If f is a polynomial of degree less than or equal to d, then the Taylor polynomial of degree d equals f. The limit of the Taylor polynomials is an infinite series called the Taylor series. The Taylor series is frequently a very good approximation to the original function.
In mathematics, the Bernoulli numbers B n are a sequence of rational numbers which occur frequently in analysis.The Bernoulli numbers appear in (and can be defined by) the Taylor series expansions of the tangent and hyperbolic tangent functions, in Faulhaber's formula for the sum of m-th powers of the first n positive integers, in the Euler–Maclaurin formula, and in expressions for certain ...