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Otitis externa responds well to treatment, but complications may occur if it is not treated. Individuals with underlying diabetes , disorders of the immune system, or history of radiation therapy to the base of the skull are more likely to develop complications, including malignant otitis externa. [ 23 ]
Malignant otitis externa is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of otitis externa in which the infection spreads from the ear canal into the surrounding skull base, hence becoming an osteomyelitis. [16] It occurs largely in diabetic patients. [20]
The most common aetiology of acute otitis externa is bacterial infection, [5] while chronic cases are often associated with underlying skin diseases such as eczema or psoriasis. [6] A third form, malignant otitis externa, or necrotising otitis externa, is a potentially life-threatening, invasive infection of the external auditory canal and ...
Clinically, patients experience aural fullness, intra-meatal itching, and malodorous otorrhea all at the same time. Although granular myringitis does not typically result in a hearing loss, it can cause complications like inflammatory infiltration of the deep canal, canal atresia or stenosis, and post-inflammatory medial canal fibrosis.
CT scan: Otitis media (simple arrow) and mastoiditis (double arrow) of the right side (left side in image). The external auditory canal is partially occupied by suppuration (triple arrow). 44-year-old woman. The diagnosis of mastoiditis is clinical—based on the medical history and physical examination.
Fungal external otitis: Specialty: Infectious diseases Symptoms: Varies widely, only itching in early cases, hearing impairment if the fungal debris blocks the ear canal, severe pressure type pain in advanced cases: Complications: Perforation of the tympanic membrane, rarely invasion of the middle ear
Gradenigo's syndrome, also called Gradenigo-Lannois syndrome, [1] [2] is a complication of otitis media and mastoiditis involving the apex of the petrous temporal bone. It was first described by Giuseppe Gradenigo in 1904. [3]
Complications: Otitis media, cholesteatoma [1] Types: Dilatory, baro-challenged induced, patulous [1] Causes: Common cold, influenza, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis [1] Differential diagnosis: Endolymphatic hydrops, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, superior canal dehiscence syndrome, labyrinthine fistula [1]