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Canopic Chest of Khonsu, 19th Dynasty, New Kingdom. Canopic jars are v-shaped vessels that are hollowed out in the middle and topped with either plain or iconographic stoppers. They ranged in heights from about 14 to 50 cm (5.5 to 20 in), including the lid, and in diameters of anywhere from 6 to 20 cm (2.4 to 7.9 in).
During the late New Kingdom, jars that contained shabtis, a common type of funerary figurine, were given lids shaped like the heads of the sons of Horus, similar to the lids of canopic jars. [ 31 ] In the Twentieth Dynasty of the New Kingdom (1189–1077 BC), embalmers began placing wax figurines of the sons of Horus inside the body cavity. [ 32 ]
Canopic chests are cases used by ancient Egyptians to contain the internal organs removed during the process of mummification. Once canopic jars began to be used in the late Fourth Dynasty , the jars were placed within canopic chests.
Tomb A yielded four canopic jars, magic bricks, and multiple vessels, some of which bear prince Thutmose's name. Isolated Tomb B – Amenhotep III or IV In tomb B canopic jars survived. Isolated Tomb C – Tutankhamun Tomb C contained canopic jars, pieces of the bull's wooden coffin and three glass pendants with the name of Tutankhamun.
This contained the canopic jar containing Hetepheres organs. In the center of the lid was a loam seal that secured a cord around the chest. The seal was protected by a small perforated ceramic lid. The clay surface was badly damaged. It certainly mentioned the "mortuary of Khufu", as did the other seals found in the tomb. [12]
Canopic jars became used to hold their internal organs. Amulets of gold, faience , and carnelian first appeared in various shapes to protect different parts of the body. There is also the first evidence of inscriptions inside the coffins of the elite during the Old Kingdom.
If the jar is too full, it could compromise the seal. So to be extra safe, leave about half an inch of head space between the food and the top of the jar. 5. Barely Tighten The Lids.
As a mortuary goddess like Isis, Neith, and Serqet, Nephthys was one of the protectresses of the canopic jars of Hapi. Hapi, one of the sons of Horus, guarded the embalmed lungs. Thus we find Nephthys endowed with the epithet "Nephthys of the Bed of Life" [18] in direct reference to her regenerative priorities on the embalming table.