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XAR (short for eXtensible ARchive format) is an open source file archiver and the archiver’s file format. It was created within the OpenDarwin project and is used in macOS X 10.5 and up for software installation routines, as well as browser extensions in Safari 5.0 and up. Xar replaced the use of gzipped pax files. [2]
Another method is to install pre-built binary packages via the pkg_add and pkg_delete tools. A high-level utility named pkgin also exists, and is designed to automate the installation, removal, and update of binary packages in a manner similar to Debian 's Advanced Packaging Tool .
An early package manager was SMIT (and its backend installp) from IBM AIX. SMIT was introduced with AIX 3.0 in 1989. [citation needed]Early package managers, from around 1994, had no automatic dependency resolution [3] but could already drastically simplify the process of adding and removing software from a running system.
For example, in GoboLinux a recipe file contains information on how to download, unpack, compile and install a package using its Compile tool. In both cases, the user must provide the computing power and time needed to compile the app, and is legally responsible for the consequences of compiling the package.
.pkg (package) is a filename extension used for several file formats that contain packages of software and other files to be installed onto a certain device, operating system, or filesystem, such as macOS, iOS, the PlayStation Vita, the PlayStation 3, the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5.
While the archive file format itself may be unchanged, package formats carry additional metadata, such as a manifest file or certain directory layouts. Packages may contain either source code or executable files. Packages may be converted from one type to another with software such as Alien.
PackageKit is a free and open-source suite of software applications designed to provide a consistent and high-level abstraction layer for a number of different package management systems. PackageKit was created by Richard Hughes in 2007, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and first introduced into an operating system as a default application in May 2008 with the ...
New files in the Nix store are created through "derivations". A derivation is a persistent data structure that specifies an executable, arguments and environment variables for its invocation (see execve), and other files to be read from the Nix store. The executable is then run in a sandbox that prohibits access to anything but the explicitly ...