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The Ritvo Autism & Asperger Diagnostic Scale (RAADS) is a psychological self-rating scale developed by Riva Ariella Ritvo (NPI UCLA and CSC Yale). An abridged and translated 14 question version was then developed at the Department of Clinical Neuroscience at the Karolinska Institute, to aid in the identification of patients who may have undiagnosed ASD.
Symptoms typically start in late childhood or adolescence. [76] Several studies have reported an overlap, confusion or comorbidity with Asperger syndrome (which has been combined with autism spectrum disorder and no longer appears as a diagnostic label in the DSM-5). [77] [78] [79] Asperger syndrome was at one time called "schizoid disorder of ...
The Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale (GADS) is a tool for assisting the diagnosis of Asperger syndrome. More specifically, it is a rating scale for behaviour, which can be used by either individuals or professionals, and is commonly used by school psychologists.
Diagnosis of ASD in adults poses unique challenges because it still relies on an accurate developmental history and because autistic adults sometimes learn coping strategies, known as "masking" or "camouflaging", which may make it more difficult to obtain a diagnosis. [17] [18]
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11]
The term Asperger syndrome typically excluded a general language delay. [19] Other differences noted in features of high-functioning autism and Asperger syndrome included the following: [12] [20] [21] [22] Lower verbal reasoning ability; Better visual/spatial skills (Being uniquely artistically talented) Less deviating locomotion (e.g. clumsiness)
Sex and gender differences in autism exist regarding prevalence, presentation, and diagnosis.. Men and boys are more frequently diagnosed with autism than women and girls. It is debated whether this is due to a sex difference in rates of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) or whether females are underdiagnosed.
The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) is a questionnaire published in 2001 by Simon Baron-Cohen and his colleagues at the Autism Research Centre in Cambridge, UK.Consisting of fifty questions, it aims to investigate whether adults of average intelligence (defined as an IQ of 80 or higher by the questionnaire) have symptoms of autism spectrum conditions. [1]