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Logic gates can be made from quantum mechanical effects, see quantum logic gate. Photonic logic gates use nonlinear optical effects. In principle any method that leads to a gate that is functionally complete (for example, either a NOR or a NAND gate) can be used to make any kind of digital logic circuit. Note that the use of 3-state logic for ...
The first integrated circuit logic gates cost nearly US$50, which in 2023 would be equivalent to $515. Mass-produced gates on integrated circuits became the least-expensive method to construct digital logic. With the rise of integrated circuits, reducing the absolute number of chips used represented another way to save costs. The goal of a ...
Boolean circuits provide a model for many digital components used in computer engineering, including multiplexers, adders, and arithmetic logic units, but they exclude sequential logic. They are an abstraction that omits many aspects relevant to designing real digital logic circuits, such as metastability , fanout , glitches , power consumption ...
The AND gate is a basic digital logic gate that implements the logical conjunction (∧) from mathematical logic – AND gates behave according to there truth table. A HIGH output (1) results only if all the inputs to the AND gate are HIGH (1). If all of the inputs to the AND gate are not HIGH, a LOW (0) is outputted.
Circuits of this kind provide a generalization of Boolean circuits and a mathematical model for digital logic circuits. Circuits are defined by the gates they contain and the values the gates can produce. For example, the values in a Boolean circuit are Boolean values, and the circuit includes conjunction, disjunction, and negation gates.
Integrated injection logic (IIL, I 2 L, or I2L) is a class of digital circuits built with multiple collector bipolar junction transistors (BJT). [1] When introduced it had speed comparable to TTL yet was almost as low power as CMOS, making it ideal for use in VLSI (and larger) integrated circuits. The gates can be made smaller with this logic ...
Current mode logic (CML), or source-coupled logic (SCL), is a digital design style used both for logic gates and for board-level digital signaling of digital data. The basic principle of CML is that current from a constant current generator is steered between two alternate paths depending on whether a logic zero or logic one is being represented.
Dynamic logic circuits are usually faster than static counterparts and require less surface area, but are more difficult to design. Dynamic logic has a higher average rate of voltage transitions than static logic, [ 2 ] but the capacitive loads being transitioned are smaller [ 3 ] so the overall power consumption of dynamic logic may be higher ...