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The following is a list of rock types recognized by geologists.There is no agreed number of specific types of rock. Any unique combination of chemical composition, mineralogy, grain size, texture, or other distinguishing characteristics can describe a rock type.
QAPF diagram for classification of plutonic rocks. A QAPF diagram is a doubled-triangle plot diagram used to classify intrusive igneous rocks based on their mineralogy.The acronym QAPF stands for "Quartz, Alkali feldspar, Plagioclase, Feldspathoid (Foid)", which are the four mineral groups used for classification in a QAPF diagram.
A facies encompasses all the characteristics of a rock including its chemical, physical, and biological features that distinguish it from adjacent rock. [ 2 ] The term "facies" was introduced by the Swiss geologist Amanz Gressly in 1838 and was part of his significant contribution to the foundations of modern stratigraphy , [ 3 ] which replaced ...
Rock plane orientations are the natural inclinations that occurred on a rock plane. [8] Some examples of rock planes are bedding planes, fault planes. The planes' orientations are measured by dip and dip direction with a clinometer and compass, where dip represents the maximum inclination of a plane to the horizontal, dip direction is the ...
Bedrock maps (previously known as solid maps) show the underlying rock, without superficial deposits. The maps are superimposed over a topographic map base produced by Ordnance Survey (OS), and use symbols to represent fault lines, strike and dip or geological units, boreholes etc. Colors are used to represent different geological units ...
The use of rock has had a huge impact on the cultural and technological development of the human race. Rock has been used by humans and other hominids for at least 2.5 million years. [22] Lithic technology marks some of the oldest and continuously used technologies. The mining of rock for its metal content has been one of the most important ...