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Vitamin B m: myo-inositol, also called "mouse antialopaecia factor". [48] Vitamin B p: "antiperosis factor", which prevents perosis, a leg disorder, in chicks; can be replaced by choline and manganese salts. [37] [38] [49] Vitamin B T: carnitine. [50] [37] Vitamin B v: a type of B 6 other than pyridoxine. Vitamin B W: a type of biotin other ...
One study in 184 premature infants, reported that individuals given monthly vitamin B 12 injections (100 μg) or taking supplements of vitamin B 12 and folic acid (100 μg/day), had higher haemoglobin concentrations after 10–12 weeks, compared to those only taking folic acid or those taking no vitamin B 12 injections. [87]
Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B 12 used to treat and prevent vitamin B 12 deficiency except in the presence of cyanide toxicity. [7] [8] [2] The deficiency may occur in pernicious anemia, following surgical removal of the stomach, with fish tapeworm, or due to bowel cancer.
Vitamin B 12 is the most chemically complex of all vitamins. [6] [2] [7] Only some archaea and bacteria can synthesize vitamin B 12. [8] Vitamin B 12 deficiency is a widespread condition that is particularly prevalent in populations with low or no consumption of animal foods. [9]
Injection of hydroxocobalamin is used to rectify the following causes of vitamin B 12 deficiency (list taken from the drug prescription label published by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) Dietary deficiency of vitamin B 12 occurring in strict vegetarians and in their breastfed infants (isolated vitamin B 12 deficiency is very rare)
Pernicious anemia is usually easily treated by providing the necessary level of vitamin B 12 supplementation. [63] Pernicious anemia can be treated with intramuscular injections of vitamin B 12. [64] Initially in high daily doses, followed by less frequent lower doses, as the condition improves. [64]