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How light acts in water is critical to how ecosystems function underwater. Knowledge of ocean optics is needed in aquatic remote sensing research in order to understand what information can be extracted from the color of the water as it appears from satellite sensors in space. The color of the water as seen by satellites is known as ocean color ...
Underwater vision is the ability to see objects underwater, ... Color absorption is also affected by turbidity of the water and dissolved material.
Ocean color is the branch of ocean optics that specifically studies the color of the water and information that can be gained from looking at variations in color. The color of the ocean , while mainly blue, actually varies from blue to green or even yellow, brown or red in some cases. [ 1 ]
Darker colored water can be seen in the right half of this experiment in a lake, with the giant Secchi disk appearing more brown in color due to higher dissolved organic matter concentrations. Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorbs light, making the water appear darker or tea-colored. Absorption by CDOM is one measure of water clarity.
The absorption intensity is weaker than for the fundamental vibrations, but this is not important as longer path-length cuvettes can be used. The absorption band at 698 nm (14300 cm −1) is a 3rd overtone (n=4). It tails off onto the visible region and is responsible for the intrinsic blue color of water.
The intrinsic color of liquid water may be demonstrated by looking at a white light source through a long pipe that is filled with purified water and closed at both ends with a transparent window. The light cyan color is caused by weak absorption in the red part of the visible spectrum. [2]
Water attenuates light by absorption, so use of a dive light will improve a diver's underwater vision at depth. [1] As the depth increases, more light is absorbed by the water. Color absorption depends on the purity of the water - pure water is most transparent to blue frequencies, but impurities may reduce this significantly.
Traditional methods of measuring CDOM include UV-visible spectroscopy (absorbance) and fluorometry (fluorescence). Optical proxies have been developed to characterize sources and properties of CDOM, including specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA 254) and spectral slopes for absorbance, and the fluorescence index (FI), biological index (BIX), and humification index (HIX) for ...