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The seven basic tools of quality are a fixed set of visual exercises identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality. [1] They are called basic because they are suitable for people with little formal training in statistics and because they can be used to solve the vast majority of quality-related issues.
Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics, published in March 1902, is a work of scientific literature by Josiah Willard Gibbs which is considered to be the foundation of modern statistical mechanics. Its full title was Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics, developed with especial reference to the rational foundation of ...
Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics, developed with especial reference to the rational foundation of thermodynamics. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons . Sommerfeld, Arnold ; ed: F. Bopp, J. Meixner (1952).
The expression "mathematical proof" is used by lay people to refer to using mathematical methods or arguing with mathematical objects, such as numbers, to demonstrate something about everyday life, or when data used in an argument is numerical. It is sometimes also used to mean a "statistical proof" (below), especially when used to argue from data.
Mathematical statistics is the application of probability theory and other mathematical concepts to statistics, as opposed to techniques for collecting statistical data. [1] Specific mathematical techniques that are commonly used in statistics include mathematical analysis , linear algebra , stochastic analysis , differential equations , and ...
In statistics, efficiency is a measure of quality of an estimator, of an experimental design, [1] or of a hypothesis testing procedure. [2] Essentially, a more efficient estimator needs fewer input data or observations than a less efficient one to achieve the Cramér–Rao bound.
The Foundations of Statistics are the mathematical and philosophical bases for statistical methods. These bases are the theoretical frameworks that ground and justify methods of statistical inference , estimation , hypothesis testing , uncertainty quantification , and the interpretation of statistical conclusions.
In statistical quality control, the CUSUM (or cumulative sum control chart) is a sequential analysis technique developed by E. S. Page of the University of Cambridge. It is typically used for monitoring change detection. [1] CUSUM was announced in Biometrika, in 1954, a few years after the publication of Wald's sequential probability ratio test ...