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The Borghese Vase is a monumental bell-shaped krater sculpted in Athens from Pentelic marble in the second half of the 1st century BC as a garden ornament for the Roman market; [1] it is now in the Louvre Museum.
The Dionysus Cup is the modern name for one of the best known works of ancient Greek vase painting, a kylix (drinking cup) dating to 540–530 BC. It is one of the masterpieces of the Attic black-figure potter Exekias and one of the most significant works in the Staatliche Antikensammlungen in Munich .
Dionysos with maenads and satyrs. Munich, Staatliche Antikensammlungen 2344 The Kleophrades Painter is the name given to the anonymous red-figure Athenian vase painter, who was active from approximately 510–470 BC and whose work, considered amongst the finest of the red-figure style, is identified by its stylistic traits.
The Diosphos Painter was an Athenian Attic black-figure vase painter thought to have been active from 500–475 BCE, many of whose surviving works are on lekythoi. The Diosphos Painter was a pupil of the Edinburgh Painter, who also trained the Sappho Painter. He was first identified by C.H.E. Haspels in her Attic Black-figure Lekythoi (Paris ...
Reverse: Youthful Dionysus with two dancing maenads and three satyrs watching from a higher level. Its catalogue listing reads, Bell crater, British Museum B.M. number 1890,0210.1, from St. Agata dei Goti. RVP no 2/239 plate 88. A neck amphora decorated with the birth of Helen from Leda's egg that bears Python's signature in the altar base.
The kantharos seems to be an attribute of Dionysus, the god of wine, who was associated with vegetation and fertility. [ 2 ] As well as a banqueting cup, they could be used in pagan rituals as a symbol of rebirth or resurrection , the immortality offered by wine, "removing in moments of ecstasy the burden of self-consciousness and elevating man ...
Dionysus is harder to determine because many kraters that were used to hold wine had paintings of Dionysus on them, and they were not always the work of the Kleophon Painter. Hephaestion is a less common subject to paint which makes those vases easier to pick out.
The sculpture, reading the from viewer's left to right, begins with a scene that can be taken to be the birth of Dionysos. It consists of four figures beginning with a semi-draped seated figure who is likely Zeus facing him is a youth holding a small child, presumed to be Hermes and the infant Dionysos at the moment of his second birth from the thigh of Zeus. [5]