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Andrea Amati (ca. 1505 - 1577, Cremona) was a luthier, from Cremona, Italy. [1] [2] Amati is credited with making the first instruments of the violin family that are in the form we use today. [3] Several of his instruments survive to the present day, and some of them can still be played.
A claim that Andrea Amati received the first order for a violin from Lorenzo de' Medici in 1555 is invalid as Lorenzo de' Medici died in 1492. A number of Andrea Amati's instruments survived for some time, dating between 1538 (Amati made the first Cello called "The King" in 1538) and 1574.
Cello: with 'The King Violoncello' by Andrea Amati being the earliest known bass instrument of the violin family to survive. [55] Centrifugal Pump: the first machine that could be characterized as a centrifugal pump was a mud lifting machine that appeared as early as 1475 in a treatise by the Italian Renaissance engineer Francesco di Giorgio ...
The lowest position on the violin is referred to as "half position". In this position the first finger is on a "low first position" note, e.g. B ♭ on the A string, and the fourth finger is in a downward extension from its regular position, e.g. D ♮ on the A string, with the other two fingers placed in between as required. As the position of ...
The earliest surviving cellos are made by Andrea Amati, the first known member of the celebrated Amati family of luthiers. [8] The direct ancestor to the violoncello was the bass violin. [unt. library] Monteverdi referred to the instrument as "basso de viola da braccio" in Orfeo (1607).
First-order logic, a formal logical system used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science; First-order predicate, a predicate that takes only individual(s) constants or variables as argument(s) First-order predicate calculus; First-order theorem provers; First-order theory; Monadic first-order logic
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The order of operations, that is, the order in which the operations in an expression are usually performed, results from a convention adopted throughout mathematics, science, technology and many computer programming languages. It is summarized as: [2] [5] Parentheses; Exponentiation; Multiplication and division; Addition and subtraction