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Bifenthrin is poorly soluble in water and often remains in soil. Its residual half-life in soil is between 7 days and 8 months, depending on the soil type, with a low mobility in most soil types. Bifenthrin has the longest known residual time in soil of insecticides currently on the market. It is a white, waxy solid with a faint sweet smell.
Sunlight accelerates degradation in water and soil. Its half-life on plant surfaces is 5 days and it has a low potential to contaminate ground water due to its low water solubility and high potential to bind to soil organic matter. [1] [33] The LD 50 is 56 mg/kg (rats, oral) [1] and its effects on the environment have been summarized in many ...
Quizalofop is leached moderately in soil and not expected to leach, having low soil mobility. It is biodegradable, and has a soil-half-life of about 60 days. It is non-toxic to birds and bees. [2] To bees and birds, QPE is non-toxic, though it is toxic for arthropods and for invertebrates. [5]
Pesticide degradation is the process by which a pesticide is transformed into a benign substance that is environmentally compatible with the site to which it was applied. . Globally, an estimated 1 to 2.5 million tons of active pesticide ingredients are used each year, mainly in agricult
It is applied against soil pests, seed, timber, and animal pests as well as foliar treatments. As of 2013 [update] neonicotinoids were used in the U.S. on about 95 percent of corn and canola crops, the majority of cotton, sorghum, and sugar beets and about half of all soybeans.
Etofenprox is decomposed in soil by anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms. In sterilized soil, little degradation took place in a 56-day test. [5] The principle metabolites do not accumulate and degrade to CO 2. Etofenprox's half-life in aerobic soil is between 7 and 25 days. [6] One study showed it to have a half-life of 3 weeks on bean leaves. [7]
Glufosinate (also known as phosphinothricin and often sold as an ammonium salt) is a naturally occurring broad-spectrum herbicide produced by several species of Streptomyces soil bacteria. Glufosinate is a non-selective, contact herbicide, with some systemic action. [ 1 ]
A systemic pesticide, which is incorporated into the soil or coated on seeds, may kill soil-dwelling insects, such as grubs or mole crickets as well as other insects, including bees, that are exposed to the leaves, fruits, pollen, and nectar of the treated plants. [4]