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Clinker brick closeup of bricks in the so-called Clinker building on Barrow street in Greenwich Village, New York City. Clinker is sometimes spelled "klinker" which is the contemporary Dutch word for the brick. Both terms are onomatopoeic, derived from the Middle Dutch klinkaerd, later klinker, from klinken (“to ring, resound”).
Because the masonry veneer is non-structural, it must be tied back to the building structure to prevent movement under wind and earthquake loads. Brick ties are used for this purpose, and may take the form of corrugated metal straps nailed or screwed to the structural framing, or as wire extensions to horizontal joint reinforcement in a fully masonry veneer or cavity wall.
Exposed aggregate concrete is a popular decorative concrete option known for its decorative gravel appearance. During the concrete pouring process, the top layer of cement/sand paste is removed to reveal the embedded aggregate (stones, pebbles, or even shells). This creates a visually appealing surface with a variety of colors, shapes, and sizes.
A mason laying a brick on top of the mortar Bridge over the Isábena river in the Monastery of Santa María de Obarra, masonry construction with stones. Masonry is the craft of building a structure with brick, stone, or similar material, including mortar plastering which are often laid in, bound, and pasted together by mortar.
Also available are firebrick "splits" which are half the thickness and are often used to line wood stoves and fireplace inserts. The dimensions of a split are usually 9 in × 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in (229 mm × 114 mm × 32 mm). [3] Fire brick was first invented in 1822 by William Weston Young in the Neath Valley of Wales.
Arch—An arched top of the fireplace opening. [21] Ash dump—An opening in a hearth to sweep ashes for later removal from the ash pit. [21] Back (fireback)—The inside, rear wall of the fireplace of masonry or metal that reflects heat into the room. [21] Brick trimmer—A brick arch supporting a hearth or shielding a joist in front of a ...
Fly ash bricks. Fly ash brick (FAB) is a building material, specifically masonry units, containing class C or class F fly ash and water. Compressed at 28 MPa (272 atm) and cured for 24 hours in a 66 °C steam bath, then toughened with an air entrainment agent, the bricks can last for more than 100 freeze-thaw cycles.
The steel shuttering pinches the top surface of a concrete slab due to the weight of the next slab being constructed. Concrete slabs, block walls and pipelines are susceptible to cracking during ground settlement, seismic tremors or other sources of vibration, and also from expansion and contraction during adverse temperature changes.