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Indian psychology refers to an emerging scholarly and scientific subfield of psychology.Psychologists working in this field are retrieving the psychological ideas embedded in indigenous Indian religious and spiritual traditions and philosophies, and expressing these ideas in psychological terms that permit further psychological research and application.
Mutilation of body parts is a remnant of the ancient Hindu punishment. It was used when an offender caused injuries to the victim. Mutilation was most typically seen as a punishment in cases of theft, robbery, and adultery as a way of making the criminal an example to the public because the mutilated body was a horrifying sight.
Punishment falls under royal authority because it pertains to accomplishing true justice—a concept only the king can judge. Thus, where there is textual silence, kings are responsible for administrating trials ( vyavahāra ) of criminal law as well as administering punishment (daṇḍa) for criminal acts. [ 2 ]
The classical texts of Hinduism devote numerous chapters to discussing what people who practice the virtue of ahimsa can and must do when faced with war, violent threat, or the need to sentence someone convicted of a crime. These discussions have led to theories of just war, ideas of reasonable self-defense, and views of proportionate punishment.
The Hindu literature on Prayaschitta is extensive, and most commonly found in the Dharma-related literature as well as the Epics and Puranas. [4] [5] The earliest mentions are found in the Vedas, [4] such as in the Brahmana layer of text in the Samaveda. [5] The Smritis of Hinduism do not offer a consistent theory of prāyaścittas. They differ ...
Hinduism preaches ahimsa (or ahinsa, non-violence), [9] but also teaches that the soul cannot be killed and death is limited only to the physical body, [70] explaining the difficulty in choosing an exact position on capital punishment. [3] Hinduism's belief that life in this world is more of an illusion greatly decreases the religious impact on ...
Indian political philosophy is the branch of philosophical thought in India that addresses questions related to polity, statecraft, justice, law and the legitimacy of forms of governance. It also deals with the scope of religion in state-organization and addresses the legitimacy of sociopolitical institutions in a polity.
[15] Arguably, immanent justice is a form of moral reasoning, and an aspect of the notion of a moral universe in which our actions are deemed to have consequences. Immanent justice is similar to the notion that 'what goes around comes around' or the proverb, 'we reap what we sow.' [ citation needed ] (See also panglossianism ).