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A corona discharge is an electrical discharge caused by the ionization of a fluid such as air surrounding a conductor carrying a high voltage. It represents a local region where the air (or other fluid) has undergone electrical breakdown and become conductive, allowing charge to continuously leak off the conductor into the air.
The technique that enables the ozone generators to produce ozone at an industrial scale consists of applying a corona discharge or dielectric barrier discharge to dry gas that contains oxygen. [7] Water treatment using ozone is environmentally friendly especially compared to the chlorination disinfection method.
Corona treatment (sometimes referred to as air plasma) is a surface modification technique that uses a low temperature corona discharge plasma to impart changes in the properties of a surface. The corona plasma is generated by the application of high voltage to an electrode that has a sharp tip.
VUV ozone generators are used in swimming pools and spa applications ranging to millions of gallons of water. VUV ozone generators, unlike corona discharge generators, do not produce harmful nitrogen by-products and also unlike corona discharge systems, VUV ozone generators work extremely well in humid air environments.
Ionisers tend to produce negative ions since these are supposed to have beneficial health effects. Even the best ionisers will also produce a small amount of ozone—triatomic oxygen, O 3 —which is unwanted. Ozone generators are optimised to attract an extra oxygen ion to an O 2 molecule, using either a corona discharge tube or UV light. [8]
Corona discharges only occur when the electric field (potential gradient) at the surface of conductors exceeds a critical value, the dielectric strength or disruptive potential gradient of air. It is roughly 30 kV/cm at sea level but decreases when atmospheric pressure decreases. Therefore, corona discharge is more of a problem at high altitudes.