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Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream that are alive and capable of reproducing. It is a type of bloodstream infection. [36] Bacteremia is defined as either a primary or secondary process. In primary bacteremia, bacteria have been directly introduced into the bloodstream. [37] Injection drug use may lead to primary bacteremia.
Blood is normally sterile. [1] The presence of bacteria in the blood is termed bacteremia, and the presence of fungi is called fungemia. [2] Minor damage to the skin [3] or mucous membranes, which can occur in situations like toothbrushing or defecation, [4] [5] can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, but this bacteremia is normally transient and is rarely detected in cultures because the ...
Margaret, 14, was diagnosed with a staph infection that led to endocarditis, a bacterial infection of the inner lining and valves of the heart. Her family was told that her heart’s mitral valve ...
Bacterial pathogens also require access to carbon and energy sources for growth. To avoid competition with host cells for glucose which is the main energy source used by human cells, many pathogens including the respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae specialise in using other carbon sources such as lactate that are abundant in the human ...
Calymmatobacterium granulomatis; Campylobacter. Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter fetus; Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacter pylori; Capnocytophaga canimorsus
Plague, one of the deadliest bacterial infections in human history, caused an estimated 50 million deaths in Europe during the Middle Ages when it was known as the Black Death.
These bacteria cause Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infections or Mycobacterium avium complex infections in humans. [2] These bacteria are common and are found in fresh and salt water, in household dust and in soil. [3] MAC bacteria usually cause infection in those who are immunocompromised or those with severe lung disease.
Anaerobic bacteria can be divided into strict anaerobes that can not grow in the presence of more than 0.5% oxygen and moderate anaerobic bacteria that are able of growing between 2 and 8% oxygen. [1] Anaerobic bacteria usually do not possess catalase, but some can generate superoxide dismutase which protects them from oxygen.