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Penning ionization is a form of chemi-ionization, an ionization process involving reactions between neutral atoms or molecules. [1] [2] The Penning effect is put to practical use in applications such as gas-discharge neon lamps and fluorescent lamps, where the lamp is filled with a Penning mixture to improve the electrical characteristics of the lamps.
Pusing emerged as a prominent player during the tin mining boom that engulfed Perak in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The discovery of substantial tin deposits in the Kinta Valley attracted a diverse influx of immigrants, particularly from China, who sought their fortunes in the lucrative mining trade.