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During the early period, ijtihad referred to the exertion of mental energy to arrive at a legal opinion (ra'y) on the basis of the knowledge of the Divine Revelation. [14] Jurists used Ijtihad to help reach legal rulings, in cases where the Qur'an and Sunna did not provide clear direction for certain decisions. It was the duty of the educated ...
In Islam, the Quran is considered to be the most sacred source of law. [6] Classical jurists held its textual integrity to be beyond doubt on account of it having been handed down by many people in each generation, which is known as "recurrence" or "concurrent transmission" ( tawātur ).
The faqih who fulfills all conditions of ijtihad is sometimes referred to as a Mujtahid Mutlaq or Unrestricted Jurist-Scholar, while one who has not reached that level generally will have mastered the methodology (usul) used by one or more of the prominent madhhab and will be able to apply this methodology to arrive at the traditional legal ...
Ijtihad lit. ' physical ' or ' mental effort ' [ 120 ] refers to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law , [ 121 ] or exertion of a jurist's mentality in finding a solution to a legal question [ 120 ] in contrast with taqlid ( conformity to precedent ijtihad).
Fiqh (/ f iː k /; [1] Arabic: فقه) is Islamic jurisprudence. [2] Fiqh is often described as the style of human understanding and practices of the sharia; [3] that is, human understanding of the divine Islamic law as revealed in the Quran and the sunnah (the teachings and practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions).
Nizari teachings emphasise independent reasoning or ijtihad; pluralism—the acceptance of racial, ethnic, cultural and inter-religious differences; and social justice. [2] Nizaris, along with Twelvers, adhere to the Jaʽfari school of jurisprudence. [3] The Aga Khan, currently Aga Khan V, is the spiritual leader and Imam of the Nizaris. [4]
A copy of the Qur'an, one of the primary sources of Sharia. The Qur'an is the first and most important source of Islamic law. Believed to be the direct word of God as revealed to Muhammad through angel Gabriel in Mecca and Medina, the scripture specifies the moral, philosophical, social, political and economic basis on which a society should be constructed.
Ijma' (Arabic: إجماع, romanized: ijmāʿ, lit. 'consensus', IPA: [ʔid͡ʒ.maːʕ]) is an Arabic term referring to the consensus or agreement of the Islamic community on a point of Islamic law.