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Lymph vessels are lined by endothelial cells, and have a thin layer of smooth muscle, and adventitia that binds the lymph vessels to the surrounding tissue. Lymph vessels are devoted to the propulsion of the lymph from the lymph capillaries, which are mainly concerned with the absorption of interstitial fluid from the tissues.
The lymphatic system, or lymphoid system, is an organ system in vertebrates that is part of the immune system and complementary to the circulatory system.It consists of a large network of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymphoid organs, lymphatic tissue and lymph.
The lymphatic vessels that link the lymph nodes are: The lymphatics of the head, face, neck, and meningeal lymphatic vessels – drain to the deep cervical lymph nodes; The jugular trunk; The subclavian lymph trunk; The thoracic duct; The lymphatics of the upper extremity; The right and left bronchomediastinal lymph trunks; The lymphatics of ...
Lymph enters the convex side of a lymph node through multiple afferent lymphatic vessels, and from there, it flows into a series of sinuses. Upon entering the lymph node, lymph first passes into a space beneath the capsule known as the subcapsular sinus , then moves into the cortical sinuses .
In peripheral organs, lymphatic vessels are responsible for conducting lymph between different parts of the body. In general, lymphatic drainage is important for maintaining fluid homeostasis as well as providing a means for immune cells to traffic into draining lymph nodes from other parts of the body, allowing for immune surveillance of bodily tissues.
Under high magnification, functional lymphatic vessels (often less than 0.8 mm in diameter) and nearby venules are identified. Using supermicrosurgical instruments and sutures as fine as 11-0 or 12-0 nylon, the surgeon meticulously creates one or multiple anastomoses between the lymphatic vessels and the venous channels.
Upon entering the lumen of a lymphatic capillary, the collected fluid is known as lymph. Each lymphatic capillary carries lymph into a lymphatic vessel, which in turn connects to a lymph node, a small bean-shaped gland that filters and monitors the lymphatic fluid for infections. [1] Lymph is ultimately returned to the venous circulation.
This direction of flow leads to a layer of the pia mater being carried inwards and loosely adhering to the vessels, leading to the production of a space, namely a perivascular space, between the pia mater and each blood vessel. This is critical because the brain lacks a true lymphatic system.