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The primary materials needed for the process of humification are plant detritus and dead animals and microbes, excreta of all soil-dwelling organisms, and also black carbon resulting from past fires. [12] The composition of humus varies with that of primary (plant) materials and secondary microbial and animal products.
The term comes from humus, which in turn comes from the Latin word humus, meaning "soil, earth". [1] Humic substances represent the major part of organic matter in soil , peat , coal , and sediments , and are important components of dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) in lakes (especially dystrophic lakes ), rivers, and sea water .
Humins are not considered to be a dangerous substance according to officially recognized hazardous material classification systems based on physical-chemical properties such as flammability, [8] explosiveness, susceptibility to oxidation, corrosiveness or eco-toxicity. [9]
There are several ways to quickly increase the amount of humus. Combining compost, plant or animal materials/waste, or green manure with soil will increase the amount of humus in the soil. Compost: decomposed organic material. Plant and animal material and waste: dead plants or plant waste such as leaves or bush and tree trimmings, or animal ...
Compost tea is made up of extracts of fermented water leached from composted materials. [ 70 ] [ 76 ] Composts can be either aerated or non-aerated depending on its fermentation process. [ 77 ] Compost teas are generally produced from adding compost to water in a ratio of 1:4–1:10, occasionally stirring to release microbes .
Disposable plastic cups made from biodegradable plastic. Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be decomposed by the action of living organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass. [1] Biodegradable plastics are commonly produced with renewable raw materials, micro-organisms, petrochemicals, or combinations of all ...
The plastic materials themselves are often and broadly referred to as "ag plastics". Plasticulture ag plastics include soil fumigation film, irrigation drip tape /tubing, plastic plant packaging cord , nursery pots and bales , but the term is most often used to describe all kinds of plastic plant/soil coverings.
The humus layer is composed of fully decomposed plant material. Because of the slow and incomplete process of fungal decomposition, the humus layer is very thin. There is very little blending of material between the humus layer and the mineral soil below resulting in the absence of organic matter in the top mineral soil horizon.