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Most hammerhead shark species are too small to inflict serious damage to humans. [9] Man carrying a hammerhead shark along a street in Mogadishu, Somalia. The great and the scalloped hammerheads are listed on the World Conservation Union's 2008 Red List as endangered, whereas the smalleye hammerhead is listed as vulnerable.
In 2010, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species rejected proposals from the United States and Palau that would have required countries to strictly regulate trade in several species of hammerhead, oceanic whitetip and dogfish sharks. The majority, but not the required two-thirds of voting delegates, approved the proposal.
The great hammerhead catch rate in Indian Ocean has declined 73% from 1978 to 2003, though whether these represent localized or widespread depletions is uncertain. The great hammerhead is critically endangered along the western coast of Africa, where stocks have collapsed, with an estimated 80% decline in the past 25 years.
This species of hammerhead shark is the most recently discovered out of the ten species. It was documented by Carter Gilbert in 1967 when a specimen was caught off Charleston, SC.
The scalloped hammerhead was the first shark species to be protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. [25] As of 2019, the scalloped hammerhead has been categorized as Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List. [26] The IUCN cites overfishing as the main cause for the drop in population numbers. [26]
Even though hammerhead sharks are a large species, they are generally not a threat to divers. As of 2025, there have only been 18 attacks ever reported, and none were fatal.
The smalleye hammerhead (Sphyrna tudes), also called the golden hammerhead or curry shark, is a small species of hammerhead shark in the family Sphyrnidae. This species was historically common in the shallow coastal waters of the western Atlantic Ocean, from Venezuela to Uruguay. It favors muddy habitats with poor visibility, reflected by its ...
According to the International Shark Attack File, humans have been subject to just 17 documented attacks by hammerhead sharks in recent history, with no human fatalities attributed to the species. ...