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Synergist muscles can also act to counter or neutralize the force of an agonist and are also known as neutralizers when they do this. [12] As neutralizers they help to cancel out or neutralize extra motion produced from the agonists to ensure that the force generated works within the desired plane of motion. Muscle fibers can only contract up ...
Different synergists feature partial similar functions. Therefore, a certain movement can be formed out of different combinations and participations of muscles acting on a certain joint. Even muscles not being in a direct connection towards a certain joint can fulfill a stabilising function for that very joint.
Muscle coactivation is absolutely necessary for learning a fine motor skill or for any activity involving stability. [7] In order for muscle coactivation to occur, it must inhibit reciprocal innervation, which occurs when a muscle contracts and the synergist muscle relaxes. [5]
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A muscle synergy is composed of agonist and synergistic muscles. An agonist muscle is a muscle that contracts individually, and it can cause a cascade of motion in neighboring muscles. Synergistic muscles aid the agonist muscles in motor control tasks, but they act against excess motion that the agonists may create.
Reciprocal inhibition is a neuromuscular process in which muscles on one side of a joint relax to allow the contraction of muscles on the opposite side, enabling smooth and coordinated movement. [1] This concept, introduced by Charles Sherrington , a pioneering neuroscientist , is also referred to as reflexive antagonism in some allied health ...
The lumbrical innervation always follows the innervation pattern of the associated muscle unit of flexor digitorum profundus (i.e. if the muscle units supplying the tendon to the middle finger are innervated by the median nerve, the second lumbrical will also be innervated by the median nerve).
The multifidus (multifidus spinae; pl.: multifidi) muscle consists of a number of fleshy and tendinous fasciculi, which fill up the groove on either side of the spinous processes of the vertebrae, from the sacrum to the axis. While very thin, the multifidus muscle plays an important role in stabilizing the joints within the spine.