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[41] [42] [43] Several studies have proposed that bisphosphonates cause excessive reduction of bone turnover, resulting in a higher risk of bone necrosis when repair is needed. [ 44 ] [ 45 ] [ 46 ] It is also thought that bisphosphonates bind to osteoclasts and interfere with the remodeling mechanism in bone.
A Cochrane Review concluded that although metoprolol reduces the risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence, it is unclear whether the long-term benefits outweigh the risks. [33] This medicine may cause changes in blood sugar levels or cover up signs of low blood sugar, such as a rapid pulse rate. [32]
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
Arthralgia (from Greek arthro- ' joint ' and -algos ' pain ') literally means 'joint pain'. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Specifically, arthralgia is a symptom of injury , infection , illness (in particular arthritis ), or an allergic reaction to medication .
The exact cause is unclear. A combination of consistent findings on physical examination, the presence of anti HMG-CoA reductase antibodies in a person with myopathy, evidence of muscle breakdown, and muscle biopsy diagnose SAAM. [3] Treatment involves stopping the associated statin medication and taking medication to suppress the immune system.
The mechanism by which RA causes this increased risk remains unknown; the presence of chronic inflammation has been proposed as a contributing factor. [207] It is possible that the use of new biologic drug therapies extend the lifespan of people with RA and reduce the risk and progression of atherosclerosis. [ 208 ]
There are several known causes of adrenergic storms; in the United States, cocaine overdose is the leading cause. [16] Any stimulant drug has the capacity to cause this syndrome if taken in sufficient doses, but even non-psychotropic drugs can very rarely provoke a reaction.
Warfarin-induced skin necrosis is a condition in which skin and subcutaneous tissue necrosis (tissue death) occurs due to acquired protein C deficiency following treatment with anti-vitamin K anticoagulants (4-hydroxycoumarins, such as warfarin). [1] Warfarin necrosis is a rare but severe complication of treatment with warfarin or related ...