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German-occupied Europe (or Nazi-occupied Europe) refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly militarily occupied and civil-occupied, including puppet governments, by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 and 1945, during World War II, administered by the Nazi regime under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler.
The purpose of the occupation was to give France and Belgium security against any future German attack and serve as a guarantee for Germany's reparations obligations. After Germany fell behind on its payments in 1922, the occupation was expanded to include the industrial Ruhr valley from 1923 to 1925.
After the initial success of German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, Nazi Germany attempted to implement the Generalplan Ost and Hunger Plan, as part of its war of extermination in Eastern Europe. The Soviet resurgence and entry of the US into the war meant Germany lost the initiative in 1943 and by late 1944 had been pushed back to the ...
The map depicts occupied Eastern Europe as a settler-colonial territory of Nazi Germany. [ 92 ] Informed by the blood and soil beliefs of ethnic identity—a philosophic basis of Lebensraum —Nazi policy required destroying the USSR for the lands of Russia to become the granary of Germany.
The Silent Dictatorship: The Politics of the German High Command under Hindenburg and Ludendorff, 1916–1918 (London: Croom Helm, 1976) Morrow, John. German Air Power in World War I (U. of Nebraska Press, 1982); Contains design and production figures, as well as economic influences. Sheldon, Jack (2005). The German Army on the Somme: 1914 - 1916.
Merchant flag of German Reich variant with the Iron Cross: 1933–1935: Merchant flag of German Reich (Handelsflagge) A red field, with a white disc with a black swastika at a 45-degree angle. Disc and swastika are exactly in the centre. [citation needed] 1933–1935: Merchant flag of German Reich variant with the Iron Cross (Eisernes Kreuz ...
From September 2020, the public display of all versions of the war flags of the North German Confederation and of all periods of the German Reich became prohibited in the state of Bremen and violators can be fined up to €1,000; the black, white and red tricolour of the German Reich can be confiscated as well if there is a concrete provocation ...
Moreover, although the Nazi flag on land had the swastika on both sides "right-facing," the Nazi flag at sea displayed the swastika on the reverse side as a "through and through" or mirror image, so the flag had a "right-facing" swastika on the front (or obverse) side and a "left-facing" swastika on the back (or reverse) side.