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FIMO was first a plastic modeling compound brought to the attention of German dollmaker Käthe Kruse in 1939 as a possible replacement for plastic compounds. It was not suitable for her doll factory use, and she turned it over to her daughter Sophie Rehbinder-Kruse, [3] who was known in the family as "Fifi" (hence FIMO, from Fifi's Modeling Compound).
Oven-hardenable PVC plastisol, "liquid polymer clay," is a complement to polymer clay that can be used as an adhesive to combine pieces, or to create various effects. Pigments, chalk pastel, and regular polymer clay can be added to make colored liquid clay. The liquid can also be poured into molds to produce cast parts. [citation needed]
Kato polyclay is a brand of oven-hardening polymer clay. The concept of Kato Polyclay was created by the collaboration of Donna Kato, a polymer clay artist, and Van Aken International, a manufacturer of modeling compounds. The material is intended for decorative use such as jewelry, dolls, boxes or vases.
Polymer clay is a modelling material that cures when heated from 129 to 135 °C (265 to 275 °F) for 15 minutes per 6 millimetres (1 ⁄ 4 in) of thickness, and does not significantly shrink or change shape during the process. Despite being called "clay", it generally contains no clay minerals.
Ball-jointed doll prototypes can be produced in one of two ways. They can be initially modeled in clay, most commonly polymer clay, by hand or, alternatively, they can be digitally designed using digital sculpting tools such as ZBrush, and 3D printed.
Art dolls production demand a wide range of skills and technologies, including sculpting, painting, and costuming. They are often multimedia objects made from materials such as fabric, paperclay, polymer clay, wax, wood, porcelain, natural or synthetic hair, yarn, wool, and felt. As works of art, art dolls can take weeks or months to finish.