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ʿAqīdah is an Islamic term meaning "creed" or "belief". [5] Any religious belief system, or creed, can be considered an example of ʿaqīdah. This term has taken a significant technical usage in Muslim history and theology, denoting those matters over which Muslims hold conviction. The term is usually translated as "theology".
The Mutazilites, compelled to defend their principles against the orthodox Islamic faith, looked for support to the doctrines of philosophy, and thus founded a rational theology, which they designated "'Ilm-al-Kalam"; and those professing it were called Motekallamin. This appellation, originally designating the Mutazilites, soon became the ...
Ibāḍī theology embraces the fundamental principles of Islam, and purports to be based on the Qur'an, the Prophet Muhammad, and his companions (Ṣaḥāba, tābiʻūn wa tābiʻūn at-tābiʻūn), the life and works of which were incorporated into the āthār of the Ibāḍī community. The major theological and philosophical issues facing ...
The disciples of the Ash'ari school are known as Ashʿarites, [20] and the school is also referred to as the Ashʿarite school, [21] which became one of the dominant theological schools within Sunnī Islam. [24] Ash'ari theology is considered one of the orthodox creeds of Sunnī Islam, [26] alongside the Atharī [27] [28] and Māturīdī. [4] [19]
Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God [1] and that Muhammad is His last Messenger. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Islam.
The Arabic language is considered a part of Islam's religion, and learning it is not just an educational goal but also an essential means for understanding and deep knowledge of Islamic sources. Classical scholars and intelligentsia recognized its importance, with Omar Ibn Al-Khattab stating it is essential for understanding the Quran .
The Arab Orthodox Movement (Arabic: الحركة العربية الأرثوذكسية, romanized: al-Ḥaraka al-ʿArabiyya al-ʾUrthūdhuksiyya) is a political and social movement aiming for the Arabization of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem, which has jurisdiction over the Orthodox communities of Palestine, Israel and Jordan, to which most Christians in the region belong.
Driven from the Islamic schools, Islamic philosophy found a refuge with the Jews, to whom belongs the honor of having transmitted it to the Christian world. A series of eminent men—such as the Ibn Tibbons , Narboni , Gersonides —joined in translating the Arabic philosophical works into Hebrew and commenting upon them.