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The term fuel injection is vague and comprises various distinct systems with fundamentally different functional principles. The only thing all fuel injection systems have in common is the absence of carburetion. There are two main functional principles of mixture formation systems for internal combustion engines: internal and external.
Cordierite Diesel Particulate Filter on GM 7.8 Isuzu. Unlike a catalytic converter which is a flow-through device, a DPF retains bigger exhaust gas particles by forcing the gas to flow through the filter material before exiting; [2] [29] however, the DPF does not retain small particles.
The ISX15 CM2250 and CM2350 has eliminated the injector camshaft due to the advent of the common rail fuel system in which the fuel is pressurized from a high pressure, multiple piston pump, transferred through tubing to a rail where fuel is stored under extremely high pressures up to 35,000 psi. In 2023, Cummins unveiled the X10 and X15N engines.
Fuel is always circulating within the EUI as two of its functions, other than injection for combustion, are injector lubrication and injector cooling. Connections on UIs are by formed steel tubes. Connections on EUIs are by stainless steel-reinforced hoses. The controlled part of the injector is a solenoid-operated spill valve.
Early Lucas electronic diesel unit injector. A unit injector (UI) is a high-pressure integrated direct fuel injection system for diesel engines, combining the injector nozzle and the injection pump in a single component. The plunger pump used is usually driven by a shared camshaft. In a unit injector, the device is typically lubricated and ...
This version of the 4.3 L (262 cu in) was equipped with CPI (Central Port Fuel Injection). This system had one centrally-located fuel injector to distribute fuel to six hoses each with a poppet valve to each of the intake ports. This system allowed for a multi-point fuel injection, using one injector. The fuel injection was a batch fire system ...