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In nearly all quartz clocks and watches, the frequency is 32 768 Hz, [1] and the crystal is cut in a small tuning fork shape on a particular crystal plane. [2] This frequency is a power of two ( 32 768 = 2 15 ), just high enough to exceed the human hearing range , yet low enough to keep electric energy consumption , cost and size at a modest ...
The first quartz crystal oscillator was built by the American engineer Walter G. Cady in 1921, and in October 1927 the first quartz clock was described by Joseph Horton and Warren Marrison at Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Picture of a quartz crystal resonator, used as the timekeeping component in quartz watches and clocks, with the case removed. It is formed in the shape of a tuning fork. Most such quartz clock crystals vibrate at a frequency of 32 768 Hz. The piezoelectric properties of crystalline quartz were discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880.
A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses a piezoelectric crystal as a frequency-selective element. [1] [2] [3] The oscillator frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock signal for digital integrated circuits, and to stabilize frequencies for radio transmitters and receivers.
Real-time clock, quartz watches and clocks; also the DCF77 frequency 0.100000 10 5 allows decade division to 1 Hz and 1 kHz. Real-time clock, quartz watches and clocks, DMM dual slope ADCs (suppresses 50 Hz noise) 0.120000 DMM dual slope ADCs (suppresses 60 Hz noise) 0.131072 2 17 allows binary division to 1 Hz and 32.768 kHz.
A 16th-century portable drum watch with sundial. The 24-hour dial has Roman numerals on the outer band and Hindu–Arabic numerals on the inner one. [1]The history of watches began in 16th-century Europe, where watches evolved from portable spring-driven clocks, which first appeared in the 15th century.