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Terrestrial plants on State Game Land 100 in Centre County, Pennsylvania. A terrestrial plant is a plant that grows on, in or from land. [1] Other types of plants are aquatic (living in or on water), semiaquatic (living at edge or seasonally in water), epiphytic (living on other plants), and lithophytic (living in or on rocks).
Accordingly, they are often called land plants or terrestrial plants. On a microscopic level, the cells of charophytes are broadly similar to those of chlorophyte green algae, but differ in that in cell division the daughter nuclei are separated by a phragmoplast. [21]
Terrestrial ecosystems occupy 55,660,000 mi 2 (144,150,000 km 2), or 28.26% of Earth's surface. [5] Major plant taxa in terrestrial ecosystems are members of the division Magnoliophyta (flowering plants), of which there are about 275,000 species, and the division Pinophyta (conifers), of which there are about 500 species.
However, the clade Viridiplantae or green plants includes some other groups of photosynthetic eukaryotes, including green algae. It is widely believed that land plants evolved from a group of charophytes, most likely simple single-celled terrestrial algae similar to extant Klebsormidiophyceae. [1]
This is a list of plants organized by their common names. However, the common names of plants often vary from region to region, which is why most plant encyclopedias refer to plants using their scientific names , in other words using binomials or "Latin" names.
Terrestro-halines (terrestrial plants) Hygro-halophytes (grow on swamp lands) Mesohalophytes (grow on non-swamp, non-dry lands) Xero-halophytes (grow on dry or mostly dry lands) Aero-halines (epiphytes and aerophytes) Again, according to Iversen (1936), these plants are classified with respect to the salinity of the soil on which they grow. [3]
Living biomass holds about 550 gigatons of carbon, [1] most of which is made of terrestrial plants (wood), while some 1,200 gigatons of carbon are stored in the terrestrial biosphere as dead biomass. [2] Carbon is cycled through the terrestrial biosphere with varying speeds, depending on what form it is stored in and under which circumstances. [3]
Mesophytes are terrestrial plants which are adapted to neither particularly dry nor particularly wet environments. An example of a mesophytic habitat would be a rural temperate meadow, which might contain goldenrod, clover, oxeye daisy, and Rosa multiflora. Mesophytes prefer soil and air of moderate humidity and avoid soil with standing water ...