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  2. Pineal gland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineal_gland

    The human pineal gland grows in size until about 1–2 years of age, remaining stable thereafter, [20] [21] although its weight increases gradually from puberty onwards. [22] [23] The abundant melatonin levels in children are believed to inhibit sexual development, and pineal tumors have been linked with precocious puberty. When puberty arrives ...

  3. Epitalon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epitalon

    A human prospective cohort study conducted on a sample of 266 people over age 60 demonstrated that treatment with epithalamin, the pineal gland extract upon which epitalon is based, produced a 1.6–1.8-fold reduction in mortality during the following 6 years, a 2.5-fold reduction in mortality when combined with thymalin, and a 4.1-fold ...

  4. Pinealocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinealocyte

    An abundance of cilia and centrioles has also been found in these Type 2 cells of the pineal gland. [7] Unique to the Type 2 is the presence of vacuoles containing 2 layers of membrane. [7] As Type 1 cells contain serotonin, Type 2 cells contain melatonin and are thought to have similar characteristics as endocrine and neuronal cells. [8]

  5. Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aralkylamine_N-acetyl...

    It is detectable at low levels in several brain regions including the pituitary gland as well as in the retina. It is most highly abundant in the pineal gland which is the site of melatonin synthesis. Brain and pituitary AANAT may be involved in the modulation of serotonin-dependent aspects of human behavior and pituitary function. [3]

  6. Melatonin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin

    Motivated by the possibility that a substance from the pineal gland could be beneficial in treating skin diseases, they extracted and identified melatonin from bovine pineal gland extracts. [64] Subsequent research in the mid-1970s by Lynch and others demonstrated that melatonin production follows a circadian rhythm in human pineal glands. [65]

  7. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocyte-stimulating_hormone

    The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced by cells in the pars intermedia of the anterior lobe of the pituitary ...

  8. Rick Strassman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Strassman

    At UNM, Strassman researched the function of the pineal gland. His research group documented the first known role of melatonin in humans. He became clinical associate professor of psychiatry in 1991. He has published over 40 peer-reviewed scientific articles on psychopharmacology, neurology, psychiatry, neuroendocrinology and ...

  9. Habenula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habenula

    The pineal gland is attached to the brain in this region. [7] The medial habenula (MHb) receives connections from posterior septum pellucidum and diagonal band of Broca ; the lateral habenula receives afferents from the lateral hypothalamus , nucleus accumbens , internal globus pallidus , ventral pallidum , and diagonal band of Broca. [ 8 ]