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Projected global surface temperature changes relative to 1850–1900, based on CMIP6 multi-model mean changes. The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report defines global mean surface temperature (GMST) as the "estimated global average of near-surface air temperatures over land and sea ice, and sea surface temperature (SST) over ice-free ocean regions, with changes normally expressed as departures from a ...
The last 25 years of surface measurements with various averages and a comparison to El Niño and volcanic forcing. The surface temperature record extended back to 1880. (UAH 2003; data set tltglhmam version 5.2 with 2009 updates) and Schabel et al. (RSS 2002; data set tlt_land_and_ocean with 2009 updates). These two satellite records reflect ...
It is the coldest place on Earth and has an average temperature around −85 °C (−120 °F; 190 K). [ 22 ] [ 23 ] Just below the mesopause, the air is so cold that even the very scarce water vapor at this altitude can condense into polar-mesospheric noctilucent clouds of ice particles.
Average surface temperature on Earth 288 15 59 519 128 5 12 15 Average human body temperature* 310 37 98 558 95 12 29 27 Highest recorded surface temperature on Earth [2] 331 58 [2] 136.4 [2] 596 63 19 46 38 Water boils (at standard pressure) 373.1339 99.9839 211.97102 671.64102 0.00 33.00 80.00 60.00 Titanium melts 1941 1668 3034 3494 −2352 ...
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It is a gas giant, with an average radius of about nine times that of Earth. [27] [28] It has an eighth the average density of Earth, but is over 95 times more massive.
Its surface temperature is on average 75 K (−198.2 °C). Cassini 's closeup of Phoebe from 13 June 2004; the crater Euphemus is at top center. Most of Saturn's inner moons have very bright surfaces, but Phoebe's albedo is much lower in comparison (0.100 ± 0.005), though relatively bright compared to other irregular moons with measured ...
NASA's Cassini spacecraft, which explored Saturn and its icy moons, including the majestic Titan, ended its mission with a death plunge into the giant ringed planet in 2017. Cassini's radar ...
The average surface temperature is about 90.6 K (-182.55 °C, or -296.59 °F). [2] At this temperature water ice has an extremely low vapor pressure, so the atmosphere is nearly free of water vapor. However the methane in the atmosphere causes a substantial greenhouse effect which keeps the surface of Titan at a much higher temperature than ...