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The barn swallow and house martin now rarely use natural sites. The purple martin is also actively encouraged by people to nest around humans and elaborate nest boxes are erected. Enough artificial nesting sites have been created that the purple martin now seldom nests in natural cavities in the eastern part of its range. [52]
The inside of a tree swallow nest A male gathering nesting material. The tree swallow has high rates of extra-pair paternity, 38% to 69% of nestlings being a product of extra-pair paternity, and 50% to 87% of broods containing at least one nestling that was the result of an extra-pair copulation. [14]
The mangrove swallow is a solitary bird; its nests are not found closer than 50 metres (160 ft) away from each other, and usually have about 300 metres (1,000 ft) separating them. The nest itself is built in natural or artificial cavities near water, usually in a tree stump or dead tree. [9] It is also not uncommon for it to nest in nest boxes ...
Cliff swallows are not common birds and to have them nesting on our vinyl-sided house is very unusual as they traditionally prefer nesting under bridges or eaves of old barns.
After building the nest, barn swallows may nest colonially where sufficient high-quality nest sites are available, and within a colony, each pair defends a territory around the nest which, for the European subspecies, is 4 to 8 m 2 (40 to 90 sq ft) in size. Colony size tends to be larger in North America. [37]
Tree martins also occasionally reline the nests of welcome swallows, and may displace the owners to obtain the nest. The nest, unusually for a cliff swallow, is often made just from grass and leaves, but may be reinforced with mud. A mud and plant fibre cement is also used to reduce the width of the entrance to the breeding hole.