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Limit of dose from man-made sources to a member of the public who is not a radiation worker in the US and Canada [6] [9] 1.1 1.1 × 10 ^ 0: Annual: 0.13: Average USA radiation worker occupational dose in 1980 [6] 1.2 1.2 × 10 ^ 0: Acute-Abdominal X-ray [7] 2 2 × 10 ^ 0: Annual: 0.23: USA average medical and natural background
CDE is defined by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission in Title 10, Section 20.1003, of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR 20.1003), such that "The Committed dose equivalent, CDE (H T,50) is the dose to some specific organ or tissue of reference (T) that will be received from an intake of radioactive material by an individual during the 50-year period following the intake".
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) RELs are designed to protect the health and well-being of workers by recommending safe exposure levels. To really use these guidelines well, safety professionals need to understand the recommended exposure levels, how to measure them, and ways to make sure workers aren't exposed to harmful stuff.
In the "1951 Recommendations" the commission recommended a maximum permissible dose of 0.5 roentgen (0.0044 grays) in any 1 week in the case of whole-body exposure to X and gamma radiation at the surface, and 1.5 roentgen (0.013 grays) in any 1 week in the case of exposure of hands and forearms. [1]
Consequently, the NRC will retain the dose limits for occupational workers and members of the public in 10 CFR part 20 radiation protection regulations. In 2004 the United States National Research Council (part of the National Academy of Sciences ) supported the linear no threshold model and stated regarding Radiation hormesis : [ 25 ]
As of 2012, the risk of low dose radiation in medical imaging was unproven. [7] It is difficult to establish risks associated with low dose radiation. [7] One reason why is that a long period of time occurs from exposure to radiation and the appearance of cancer. [7] Also, there is a natural incidence of cancer. [7]
The IRR99 make legal requirements including prior authorisation of the use of particle accelerators and x-ray machines, the appointment of radiation protection supervisors (RPS) and advisers (RPA), control and restriction of exposure to ionising radiation (including dose limits), and a requirement for local rules.
The Total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) is a radiation dosimetry quantity defined by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to monitor and control human exposure to ionizing radiation. It is defined differently in the NRC regulations and NRC glossary.