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Because the bacterium is found on sugar cane when first discovered, as explained prior, and reacts strongly to high amounts of sugar, Gram Negative is the correct classification for Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. [1] [2] In addition to sugarcane, G. diazotrophicus has been found in different plants like coffee tree and pineapple.
Vinasse is a byproduct of the sugar or ethanol industry. [1] Sugarcane or sugar beet is processed to produce crystalline sugar, pulp and molasses.The latter are further processed by fermentation to ethanol, ascorbic acid or other products.
Saccharum officinarum, a perennial plant, grows in clumps consisting of a number of strong unbranched stems. A network of rhizomes forms under the soil which sends up secondary shoots near the parent plant. The stems vary in colour, being green, pinkish, or purple and can reach 5 metres (16 feet) in height.
The second domestication center of sugarcane is India, Indo China , southern China and Taiwan where S. sinense was a primary cultigen of the Austronesian peoples. Words for sugarcane exist in the Proto-Austronesian languages in Taiwan, reconstructed as *təbuS or **CebuS, which became *tebuh in Proto-Malayo-Polynesian.
The most recognizable characteristic of this disease is a black or gray growth that is referred to as a "smut whip". [1] Resistance to sugarcane smut is the best course of action for management, but also the use of disease free seed is important. On smaller scale operations treatments using hot water and removing infected plants can be effective.
A sugar cane mill is a factory that processes sugar cane to produce raw sugar [1] or plantation white sugar. [2] Some sugar mills are situated next to a back-end refinery, that turns raw sugar into (refined) white sugar. [3] The term is also used to refer to the equipment that crushes the sticks of sugar cane to extract the juice. [4]
Water stress is the most ubiquitous stress factor, often denoted as K w. Stress coefficients tend to be functions ranging between 0 and 1. The simplest are linear, but thresholds are appropriate for some toxicity responses. Crop coefficients can exceed 1 when the crop evapotranspiration exceeds that of RET.
It is also known as available water content (AWC), profile available water (PAW) [2] or total available water (TAW). The concept, put forward by Frank Veihmeyer and Arthur Hendrickson, [ 3 ] assumed that the water readily available to plants is the difference between the soil water content at field capacity ( θ fc ) and permanent wilting point ...