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The fibrous pericardium is the outside layer of the pericardium, made up of dense and loose connective tissue. [5] While capable of some change in shape , it is largely non-pliable, which acts to protect the heart against blunt forces and sudden pressure change from the outside.
The mediastinal pleura is the portion covering the lateral surfaces of the mediastinum, predominantly the fibrous pericardium, the thoracic aorta, the first part of the subclavian artery, the superior vena cava/azygos vein, the esophagus and (very rarely) an enlarged thymus.
The pleural and pericardial cavities are exaggerated since normally there is no space between parietal and visceral pleura and between pericardium and heart. Pericardial fluid is the serous fluid secreted by the serous layer of the pericardium into the pericardial cavity. The pericardium consists of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and the ...
The fibrous pericardium is attached to the posterior surface of the sternum by the superior and inferior sternopericardiac ligaments (sternopericardial ligaments); the upper passing to the manubrium, and the lower to the xiphoid process.
The part of the serous membrane attached to the fibrous membrane is called the parietal pericardium, while the part of the serous membrane attached to the heart is known as the visceral pericardium. The pericardium is present in order to lubricate its movement against other structures within the chest, to keep the heart's position stabilised ...
Called the pericardium, this serous membrane is a two-layered sac that surrounds the entire heart except where blood vessels emerge on the heart's superior side; [4] The pleura is the serous membrane that surrounds the lungs in the pleural cavity; The peritoneum is the serous membrane that surrounds several organs in the abdominopelvic cavity.
It passes vertically downwards behind the first intercostal space and receives the azygos vein just before it pierces the fibrous pericardium opposite the right second costal cartilage and its lower part is intrapericardial. It then terminates in the upper and posterior part of the sinus venarum of the right atrium, at the upper right front ...
The pericardium is a fibrous sac surrounding the heart composed of two layers: an inner visceral pericardium and an outer parietal pericardium. [1] The area between these two layers is known as the pericardial space and normally contains 15 to 50 mL of serous fluid. [2]