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The jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi; / ˌ dʒ æ ɡ w ə ˈ r ʌ n d i / or / ˌ ʒ æ ɡ w ə ˈ r ʌ n d i /) is a wild cat native to the Americas. Its range extends from central Argentina in the south to northern Mexico, through Central and South America east of the Andes. The jaguarundi is a medium-sized cat of slender build.
The Gulf Coast jaguarundi is an endangered population of the jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) once ranging from southern Texas in the United States to eastern Mexico. The cat prefers dense shrubland and woodland, yet has been hampered by habitat loss. Since 2017, this population is no longer recognised as a jaguarundi subspecies. [2]
The family Felidae consists of 41 extant species belonging to 14 genera and divided into 92 subspecies. This does not include hybrid species (such as the liger) or extinct prehistoric species (such as Smilodon).
All members of the cat family have the following characteristics in common: They are digitigrade and have five toes on their forefeet and four on their hind feet. Their curved claws are protractile and attached to the terminal bones of the toe with ligaments and tendons. The claws are guarded by cutaneous sheaths, except in the Acinonyx. [12]
Other differences lie in the facial markings, appearance of the tail and fur characteristics. [6] [38] The ocelot is similar in size to a bobcat (Lynx rufus), though larger individuals have occasionally been recorded. [39] The jaguar is notably larger and heavier, and has rosettes instead of spots and stripes. [40]
A relative of the cougar which convergently evolved several cheetah-like characteristics built for running. It too was carnivorous and medium-sized, around 70 kg (150 lbs). [ 10 ] Fossils are known from much of the United States, including very mountainous regions such as the Grand Canyon , implying they may have had high-altitude adaptations.
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The small cats or Felinae, are a subfamily of Felidae distinguished by their bony hyoids, which allowthem purr but not roar. [2] Other authors have proposed an alternative definition for this subfamily, which compromises only the living conical-toothed cat genera with two tribes, the Felini and Pantherini, and excluding the extinct sabre-toothed Machairodontinae.