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Definition 1: An object is God-like if, and only if, has all positive properties. Axiom 3: The property of being God-like is itself a positive property. Theorem 2: It is possible that there exists a God-like object x {\displaystyle x} (in at least one possible world, there exists a God-like object x {\displaystyle x} ).
The earliest evidence of religious thought is based on the ritual treatment of the dead. Most animals display only a casual interest in the dead of their own species. [54] Ritual burial thus represents a significant change in human behavior. Ritual burials represent an awareness of life and death and a possible belief in the afterlife.
This is held as indirect evidence of God, given that notions about souls and the afterlife in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam would be consistent with such a claim. The best-known defender of the argument from consciousness is J. P. Moreland. [citation needed]
Historical religions like Christianity and Judaism revolted against this older concept of cyclic time. They provided meaning and contact with the sacred in history through the god of Israel. [29] Eliade sought and found patterns in myth in various cultures, e.g. sky gods such as Zeus. [30] [31]
Other notable work draws on the idea that knowing God is akin to knowing a person, which is not reducible to knowing propositions about a person. [ 9 ] Some work in recent epistemology of religion discusses various challenges from psychology, cognitive science or evolutionary biology to the rationality or justification of religious beliefs.
Heaven and Hell: A History of the Afterlife is a book by American New Testament scholar Bart D. Ehrman.Published in 2020 by Simon & Schuster, the book examines the historical development of the concepts of the afterlife throughout Greek, Jewish, and early Christian cultures, and how they eventually converged into the concepts of Heaven and Hell, that modern Christians believe in. [1] [2]
Two differences from Pascal's wager are posited regarding climate change: first, climate change is more likely than Pascal's God to exist, as there is scientific evidence for one but not the other. [58] Secondly, the calculated penalty for unchecked climate change would be large, but is not generally considered to be infinite. [59]
Sociology of religion is the study of the beliefs, practices and organizational forms of religion using the tools and methods of the discipline of sociology.This objective investigation may include the use both of quantitative methods (surveys, polls, demographic and census analysis) and of qualitative approaches (such as participant observation, interviewing, and analysis of archival ...