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The Blockade of Germany, or the Blockade of Europe, occurred from 1914 to 1919.The prolonged naval blockade was conducted by the Allies during and after World War I [1] in an effort to restrict the maritime supply of goods to the Central Powers, which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
Naval warfare in World War I was mainly characterised by blockade. The Allied powers, with their larger fleets and surrounding position, largely succeeded in their blockade of Germany and the other Central Powers, whilst the efforts of the Central Powers to break that blockade, or to establish an effective counter blockade with submarines and commerce raiders, were eventually unsuccessful.
Blockade of Germany may refer to: Blockade of Germany (1914–1919) during World War I; Blockade of Germany (1939–1945) during World War II
The U-boat campaign from 1914 to 1918 was the World War I naval campaign fought by German U-boats against the trade routes of the Allies, largely in the seas around the British Isles and in the Mediterranean, as part of a mutual blockade between the German Empire and the United Kingdom.
After the war, the German government claimed that approximately 763,000 German civilians died from starvation and disease during the war because of the Allied blockade. [29] An academic study done in 1928 put the death toll at 424,000. [30] Germany protested that the Allies had used starvation as a weapon of war. [31]
The First World War 1914-1918 (1977), economics; Herwig, Holger H. The First World War: Germany and Austria-Hungary 1914-1918 (1996), one third on the homefront; Howard, N.P. "The Social and Political Consequences of the Allied Food Blockade of Germany, 1918-19," German History (1993), 11#2, pp. 161–88 online; Kocka, Jürgen.
Germany, for her part, had considered a blockade from 1914. "England wants to starve us", said Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz (1849–1930), the man who built the Imperial German Navy fleet after 1871 with the unification of Germany during the last few decades and who remained a key advisor to the German Emperor / Kaiser Wilhelm II .
Strategic bombing during World War I (1914–1918) German bombing of Paris during First World War; German bombing of Britain (1914–1918) Bombing of London during the First World War. Operation Turk's Cross (1916) Harvest moon offensive (1917) Arrival of the Giants (1917) Fire plan (1917) Whitsun Raid (1918) Tipton Zeppelin raid (1916)