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The Red Army Faction (Rote Armee Fraktion, pronounced [ˌʁoːtə ʔaʁˈmeː fʁakˌtsi̯oːn] ⓘ; RAF [ˌɛʁʔaːˈʔɛf] ⓘ), [a] also known as the Baader–Meinhof Group or Baader–Meinhof Gang (German: Baader-Meinhof-Gruppe Baader-Meinhof-Bande [ˈbaːdɐ ˈmaɪnhɔf ˈɡʁʊpə] ⓘ), was a West German far-left militant group founded in 1970 and active until 1998.
The RAF was founded in 1970 by Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, Ulrike Meinhof, Horst Mahler, and others. [1] The first generation of the organization was commonly referred to by the press and the government as the "Baader-Meinhof Gang", a name the group did not use to refer to itself. [2]
Astrid Huberta Isolde Marie Luise Hildegard Proll (born 29 May 1947) was an early member of the Red Army Faction (Baader-Meinhof Gang). [1] She is a photo editor and published a book. As a Baader-Meinhof member
Images believed to be of ex-Baader-Meinhof Group members Burkhard Garweg, left, Ernst-Volker Staub and Daniela Klette, released by the Lower Saxony State Criminal Police Office in 2016.
Baader was arrested on 4 April 1970 in Berlin. [22] Ensslin, Meinhof, who was at that time a well-known leftist journalist, and two other women freed him on 14 May 1970. One person was wounded. This was the beginning of the gang's violent actions, and the Red Army Faction. [23] Ensslin became one of the most wanted people in Germany. [24] [25]
Memorial in Cologne. The kidnapping and murder of Hanns Martin Schleyer was one of the left-wing terrorist attacks called German Autumn in 1977.. German industrial leader and former Nazi SS officer Hanns Martin Schleyer was kidnapped on 5 September 1977, by the Red Army Faction (RAF), also known as Baader-Meinhof Gang, in Cologne, West Germany.
18. Oktober 1977 is the title of a series of paintings by Gerhard Richter.It is based on photographs that document the deaths of three leading activist of the Baader-Meinhof Group in the Stammheim Prison after the release of the hostages in the hijacking by four members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine of Lufthansa Flight 181.
Ulrike Marie Meinhof (7 October 1934 – 9 May 1976) was a German left-wing journalist and founding member of the Red Army Faction (RAF) in West Germany, commonly referred to in the press as the "Baader-Meinhof gang". She is the reputed author of The Urban Guerilla Concept (1971).