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Anthony Downs (November 21, 1930 – October 2, 2021) was an American economist specializing in public policy and public administration. His research focuses included political choice theory , rent control , affordable housing , and transportation economics .
An example in economic policy, economist Anthony Downs concluded that a high income voter ‘votes for whatever party he believes would provide him with the highest utility income from government action’, [19] using rational choice theory to explain people's income as their justification for their preferred tax rate.
An Economic Theory of Democracy is a treatise of economics written by Anthony Downs, published in 1957. [1] The book set forth a model with precise conditions under which economic theory could be applied to non-market political decision-making.
The paradox of voting, also called Downs' paradox, is that for a rational and egoistic voter (Homo economicus), the costs of voting will normally exceed the expected benefits. Because the chance of exercising the pivotal vote is minuscule compared to any realistic estimate of the private individual benefits of the different possible outcomes ...
One such model was proposed by Anthony Downs (1957) and is adapted by William H. Riker and Peter Ordeshook, in “A Theory of the Calculus of Voting” (Riker and Ordeshook 1968) V = pB − C + D. where V = the proxy for the probability that the voter will turn out p = probability of vote “mattering”
The term is most often found in economics, particularly public choice theory, but also used in other disciplines which study rationality and choice, including philosophy (epistemology) and game theory. The term was coined by Anthony Downs in An Economic Theory of Democracy. [1]
Kelly Reilly, left, as Beth Dutton on Yellowstone, while Michelle Randolph, center, and Ali Larter are co-stars on Landman. (Paramount Network/Courtesy Everett Collection; Emerson Miller ...
The earliest roots of the model are the one-dimensional Hotelling's law of 1929 and Black's median voter theorem of 1948. [10] Anthony Downs, in his 1957 book An Economic Theory of Democracy, further developed the model to explain the dynamics of party competition, which became the foundation for much follow-on research.