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In the first week of life, infants will sleep during both the day and night and will wake to feed. Sleep cycle duration is usually short, from 2–4 hours. [7] Over the first two weeks, infants average 16–18 hours of sleep daily. Circadian rhythm has not yet been established and infants sleep during the night and day equally. [3]
Babies aged zero to three months sleep 14 to 17 hours out of every 24—partly a function of the newborn’s introduction to the world after three trimesters in the darkness of the womb.
The sleep cycle of alternate NREM and REM sleep takes an average of 90 minutes, occurring 4–6 times in a good night's sleep. [ 15 ] [ 20 ] The American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) divides NREM into three stages: N1, N2, and N3, the last of which is also called delta sleep or slow-wave sleep . [ 21 ]
Among mammals, infants sleep the longest. [44] Human babies have 8 hours of REM sleep and 8 hours of NREM sleep on an average. The percentage of time spent on each mode of sleep varies greatly in the first few weeks of development and some studies have correlated this to the degree of precociality of the child. [45]
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The relative amount of REM sleep varies considerably with age. A newborn baby spends more than 80% of total sleep time in REM. [54] REM sleep typically occupies 20–25% of total sleep in adult humans: about 90–120 minutes of a night's sleep. The first REM episode occurs about 70 minutes after falling asleep.
7.11 Sleep. 7.12 Stress. 7. ... though babies born at this time will likely experience serious health complications ... first-time mothers are on average 26 to 29 ...
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