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The sclera's blood vessels are mainly on the surface. Along with the vessels of the conjunctiva (which is a thin layer covering the sclera), those in the episclera render the inflamed eye bright red. [6] In many vertebrates, the sclera is reinforced with plates of cartilage or bone, together forming a circular structure called the sclerotic ring.
Sclera; 12. Conjunctiva, 13. Uvea with 14. Iris, 15. Ciliary body. The anterior segment or anterior cavity [1] is the front third of the eye that includes the structures in front of the vitreous humour: the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and lens. [2] [3] Within the anterior segment are two fluid-filled spaces:
An area termed the limbus connects the cornea and sclera. The iris is the pigmented circular structure concentrically surrounding the centre of the eye, the pupil, which appears to be black. The size of the pupil, which controls the amount of light entering the eye, is adjusted by the iris' dilator and sphincter muscles .
The sclera and cornea form the fibrous tunic of the bulb of the eye; the sclera is opaque, and constitutes the posterior five-sixths of the tunic; the cornea is transparent, and forms the anterior sixth. The term "corneosclera" is also used to describe the sclera and cornea together. [1]
The conjunctiva is a tissue that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera. It is composed of unkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium with goblet cells, and stratified columnar epithelium. The conjunctiva is basically transparent, and the white colour we see is actually sclera.
The aqueous humour is a transparent water-like fluid similar to blood plasma, but containing low protein concentrations.It is secreted from the ciliary body, a structure supporting the lens of the eyeball. [1]
The episclera is the outermost layer of the sclera (the white of the eye). [1] It is composed of loose, fibrous, elastic tissue and attaches to Tenon's capsule. [1]A vascular plexus is found between the bulbar conjunctiva and the sclera consisting of two layers of vessels, the superficial episcleral vessels and the deep episcleral vessels.
The scleral spur in the visual system is a protrusion of the sclera (the white of the eye) into the anterior chamber.The spur is an annular structure composed of collagen in the human eye.